This is an introduction to Witten’s analytic proof of the Morse inequalities. The text is directed primarily to readers whose main interest is in complex analysis, and the similarities to Hörmander’s -estimates for the -equation is used as motivation. We also use the method to prove -estimates for the -equation with a weight where is a nondegenerate Morse function.
In this article, we formalized Lebesgue's Convergence theorem of complex-valued function. We proved Lebesgue's Convergence Theorem of realvalued function using the theorem of extensional real-valued function. Then applying the former theorem to real part and imaginary part of complex-valued functional sequences, we proved Lebesgue's Convergence Theorem of complex-valued function. We also defined partial sums of real-valued functional sequences and complex-valued functional sequences and showed their...
We introduce left general fractional Caputo style derivatives with respect to an absolutely continuous strictly increasing function g. We give various examples of such fractional derivatives for different g. Let f be a p-times continuously differentiable function on [a,b], and let L be a linear left general fractional differential operator such that L(f) is non-negative over a closed subinterval I of [a,b]. We find a sequence of polynomials Qₙ of degree ≤n such that L(Qₙ) is non-negative over I,...